ACJ arthritis: Diagnosis, symptoms and treatment options for arthritis of the acromioclavicular joint
- Oct 5
- 4 min read
AC joint arthritis , also known as acromioclavicular joint arthritis , is a degenerative disease of the acromioclavicular joint (AC joint) that can cause significant discomfort. It often occurs due to chronic overuse , aging, or injury.
Diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the AC joint (ACJ)
The diagnosis is made by a clinical examination in which pain is detected in the area of the outer end of the clavicle .
X-rays often show degenerative changes such as bony growths and osteophytes . An MRI scan of the shoulder can help evaluate other soft tissues and the rotator cuff .
Typical symptoms of acromioclavicular joint arthritis
Those affected often complain of shoulder pain , especially pain when lying on the affected side or during physical activities.
Other symptoms include swelling , limited mobility , and a compression syndrome that causes pain when raising the arm.
Causes of shoulder joint problems
The main causes of osteoarthritis are wear and tear , chronic overload of the acromioclavicular joint , and injuries. These factors lead to degenerative changes in the joint, which impair joint function .
Treatment options: When is surgery for osteoarthritis of the acromioclavicular joint necessary?
Conservative therapy
Conservative treatment includes physiotherapy and the use of anti-inflammatory medications . Physiotherapy exercises can help improve active and passive mobility and relieve pain.
An injection of corticosteroids may also be considered to reduce discomfort.
Surgical treatment
If conservative measures fail to achieve the desired result, surgical treatment may be necessary. Arthroscopic acromion decompression and lateral clavicle resection are common procedures in which the inflamed tissue is removed to enlarge the space between the clavicle and the acromion .
This can significantly reduce pain and restore mobility . It also treats impingement syndrome.
In summary, osteoarthritis of the acromioclavicular joint is a serious condition that should be diagnosed and treated promptly to avoid long-term limitations.
Advantages of surgical treatment for AC joint osteoarthritis
Arthroscopic treatment of acromioclavicular joint arthritis
Arthroscopic treatment of acromioclavicular joint arthrosis offers numerous advantages. This minimally invasive method allows the procedure to be performed on both an outpatient and inpatient basis, depending on the severity of the condition and the individual needs of the patient.
After the procedure, targeted follow-up treatment is carried out, which usually includes physiotherapy and gradual mobilization to restore the function of the acromioclavicular joint and minimize discomfort.
Return to work and return to sports after arthroscopic treatment of acromioclavicular joint arthritis
Following arthroscopic treatment of AC joint arthritis, whether conservative or surgical, the question often arises as to when one can resume sporting activity or return to work.
This usually depends on the severity of the symptoms and the treatment being performed. In milder forms of acromioclavicular joint arthrosis and with conservative treatments such as physical therapy and anti-inflammatory medication, those affected can often return to light sporting activities within a few weeks.
In the case of surgical procedures, such as arthroscopic surgery to widen the distance between the collarbone and the acromion and removal of bony growths, returning to sport can take several months.
Before resuming sporting activities, it is important to assess the active and passive mobility of the joint. Pain when lying down or when placing weight on the arm should also be noted.
A clinical examination by a shoulder specialist can help determine the optimal time to return to sports. In general, the focus should be on gradually increasing physical activity to prevent chronic wear and tear of the acromioclavicular joint and maintain long-term joint function.
Conclusion
AC joint osteoarthritis is a common joint disease that can cause pain and limited mobility.
Early diagnosis and targeted therapy are crucial for the treatment and quality of life of those affected.
Physiotherapy and targeted exercises can relieve symptoms and improve joint function.
In advanced cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to improve quality of life.
A healthy lifestyle and preventive measures are important to reduce the risk of AC joint osteoarthritis.
FAQs on acromioclavicular joint arthritis
What is acromioclavicular joint arthritis?
Acromioclavicular joint arthrosis is a deterioration of the AC joint, which lies between the collarbone and the shoulder roof. It is one of the most common forms of arthrosis in the shoulder region.
What symptoms does AC joint osteoarthritis cause?
Typical symptoms include pain in the upper shoulder area, especially when raising the arm above the head, lying on one's side, or crossing the arm in front of the body. Pressure pain directly above the acromioclavicular joint is also common.
How is acromioclavicular joint arthritis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made through a physical examination, targeted functional tests (e.g., cross-body adduction test), and imaging techniques such as X-rays or MRI. These can detect joint space narrowing and bony growths (osteophytes).
What treatment options are there for AC joint osteoarthritis?
Initial treatment is usually conservative—e.g., with anti-inflammatory medication, physiotherapy, and possibly cortisone injections. In cases of severe symptoms, minimally invasive surgery (resection of the lateral clavicle) may be performed.
Is surgery always necessary for acromioclavicular joint arthritis?
No, not in every case. Many patients benefit from conservative treatment in the long term. Surgery is considered if the pain persists and quality of life is significantly impaired despite treatment.
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